Physicists have developed new ways to spot UAP
Advanced Vehicles travelling in the Universe could be detected by the Collapse of their Warp Drive Bubble
Having science addressing new fields, greenfields - such as exploring UAP - is one of the fundamentals of scientific research. This has also been, in the last year, a strategic focus for UAP disclosure initiatives. Engaging scientific research: natural sciences (Physics, Chemistry, Material Science, Biology) is one of the four pillars presented at the SOL conference (Sol Foundation) by Karl Nell (US Army former Deputy Chief of Staff, US Africa Command) in November 17-18, 2023 in a presentation dubbed ‘Way Forward: UAP Campaign Plan Lines-of-Effort (LoEs)’.
This peer-reviewed article has taken up the challenge. The paper was published on June 4th, 2024, in the arXiv platform of Cornell University (Ithaca, NY, US). The findings are surprising.
The title: “What no one has seen before: gravitational waveforms from warp drive collapse”.
Behind this paper are three scientists:
Katy Clough from the School of Mathematical Sciences of Queen Mary University of London (UK), as well as from the Astrophysics department at the University of Oxford (UK)
Tim Dietrich from the Institut fur Physik und Astronomie, at the Potsdam University (Germany), and from the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics at the Albert Einstein Institute (Germany)
Sebastian Khan from the School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University (UK)
This physics science paper explains that “warp drives have concrete description in general relativity” and that “spacetime metric that supported faster-than-light travel” has been proposed by Miguel Alcubierre. The scientists emphasise that “an equation of state describing the matter” can be simulated. They decided to dedicate efforts in studying “the signatures arising from a warp drive”. They developed simulations in trying to stabilise modelling outputs by applying current physics principles and taking into account the negative energy required for the concept of gravitational waves to be able to function. This required a deeper dive modelling and simulation effort to capture hypothetical traces that a warp drive would leave in the universe if it would have been used by extraterrestrial life with advanced technology. As the article notes: “this work is interesting as a study of the dynamical evolution and stability of spacetimes that violate the null energy condition”. But it could also be used to provide gravitational wave detector data to search for extraterrestrial life in the universe. This is all about “exploring strange new spacetimes, to (boldly) simulate what no one has seen before”.
Enlightening takeaways
The physicists remind us that the most recent “detections of gravitational waves are paving the way to ask what new signals originating from strongly distorted regions of spacetime could be seen in the future”. They point out that “unlike black holes, which have considerable observational support, more exotic spacetimes such as wormholes or warp drives are considered science-fiction because” - and this is the interesting part - “their formation and existence generate many potential paradoxes, and require matter that violates certain energy conditions”. The team of scientists explains that studying a singularity in terms of spacetime makes sense since “warp bubble could traverse distances faster than the speed of light (as measured by distant observer) by contracting spacetime in front of it and expanding spacetime behind it”. Stunning. This would require “matter that violates the Null Energy Condition (NEC) (...) NEC violation can be achieved by quantum effects and effective descriptions of modifications to gravity”. “Issues with the warp drive metric include the practical difficulties for those in the ship in controlling and deactivating the bubble”. Interesting. The objective of the simulation and modelling was to see if they could keep the system stable.
The problem of the instability of the gravitational wave bubble was that no known equation of state would maintain the warp drive in a stable configuration over time, even though “initially considered constant, the warp bubble will quickly evolve away from that state and the warp fluid and spacetime deformations will disperse or collapse into a central point”. The physicists explain that no gravitational wave singularity would also occur when the ship has advanced, but that gravitational waves could however be detected only during acceleration and deceleration. Scientists considered the “fluxes of energy both from the matter and the gravitational waves out of a spatial volume after the warp drive collapse”. They presented their results of the simulations in graphs showing the “resulting gravitational-wave signatures and quantifying the radiation of energy from the spacetime region”.
Here’s the crispier part
The physicists specified the physical value of R representing the size of a 1 km-long ship equipped with a warp drive. A footnote provides an interesting comparison with the Enterprise-E of the Star Trek universe, which is 685.7 metres in length. The scientists note that “specifying the physical value of R determines the other physical values of the measurements, including the gravitational wave fluxes and the energy radiated”.
As a result of their simulations, the graphic (Fig. 2) provides “a measure of spacetime curvature” where “we see a burst of gravitational-wave radiation leaving the collapsed remnant of the warp bubble”. The other one (Fig. 3) shows “the evolution in time of the matter energy density” for a velocity of 10% of the speed of light. “We see that a ring of positive energy forms within the initially negative energy density bubble and propels it outwards”.
The scientists show that “there are several waves of alternating positive and negative energies” formed by the hypothetical ship. “The matter waves propagate at roughly the same speed as the gravitational waves”.
They found that they “can stably evolve higher velocities up to 0.5 (i.e. 50% of the speed of light), but good quality results require very high resolutions. Above v = 1 (i.e. 100% of the speed of light)” they expect “to encounter pathologies related to the ship’s faster-than-light speed, but again, they would require resolutions and more computational resources to confirm this”. In other words, the scientists are limited in their resources, but are they underlining that like the speed of sound, they might be a wall to go through with the speed of light?
The graph shows (Fig. 5) “a comparison of the matter and gravitational-wave fluxes out of the sphere” (i.e. the ship equipped with warp drive). The fluctuations obtained are “showing the effect of repulsion and attraction between positive and negative energy matter”. They illustrate that “the net gravitational wave flux is always positive, whereas the net matter flux oscillates as waves of positive and negative energy leave the volume”.
The article continues, claiming that if the ship interacts with the normal matter, “it may rise to further signatures (i.e. multimessenger event). For a 1 km sized warp bubble travelling at 10% of the speed of light, the magnitude of the energy carried by the matter waves would be around 1/100 times the mass-energy of the sun”. Impressive.
The physicists have produced the “first fully consistent numerical-relativity waveforms for the collapse of a warp drive bubble”. Their findings show that “an initial wave of negative energy matter is emitted, followed by alternating positive and negative energy waves. The gravitational-wave flux starts shortly after and is positive throughout, as expected. The end result is a net negative flux of energy”. They propose to explore other computational directions to simulate speeds that “exceed the speed of light, to see if there is a change in behaviour as light speed is approached”.
“For a 1 km sized ship, the frequency of the signal is much higher than the range probed by existing detectors, and so current observations cannot constrain the occurrence of such events. However, the amplitude of the strain signal would be significant for any such event within our galaxy and even beyond, and so within the reach of future detectors targeting higher frequencies”. They finish by proposing that “further work would be required to understand how generic the signatures are, and properly characterise their detectability”.
Sentinel News has contacted the authors who confirmed how the idea of this work came in. Dr Katy Clough answers:
“We are all big Star Trek fans and were chatting about ideas in Goettingen in Germany when I was a postdoc and Tim and Sebastian were visiting. Sebastian had the idea of using the simulations that we normally use to help detect black holes to look for signatures of the Alcubierre warp drive metric. We thought it would be a quick project, but it turned out to be harder than we thought. We had a lot of fun along the way though!”
“The crew thanks the creators and actors of the Star Trek universe for their inspiration”.
This study is one of the first deep dive of hard science work in trying to capture new practical events of non-conventional spacetime singularities. This could lead to the development of new detectors. And, maybe, to the discovery of galactical commuting traces by extraterrestrial activities… Who knows?